Staining Concrete Floors

One of the most popular ways to achieve color is through acid-staining. Chemical stains can be applied to new or old, plain or colored concrete surfaces. Although they are often called acid stains, acid isn't the ingredient that colors the concrete.

Tips and Facts about Concrete Staining

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Find more information about concrete staining including all the basics to transform new or existing concrete. Here's a sample of topics you'll find:

  • How do stains work
  • Can all concrete be stained
  • Special effects with stains
  • Cost of stained concrete
  • Maintaining stained concrete
  • Much more...

Metallic salts in an acidic, water-based solution react with hydrated lime (calcium hydroxide) in hardened concrete to yield insoluble, colored compounds that become a permanent part of the concrete.

Several companies manufacture chemical stains that are variations of three basic color groups: black, brown, and blue-green.

"Designers are waking up to the fact that there's more than wood, carpet, and tiles. There's nothing that can't be done."

-Richard Smith, Richard Smith Custom Concrete

The acid in chemical stains opens the top surface of the concrete, allowing metallic salts to reach the free lime deposits. Water from the stain solution then fuels the reaction, usually for about a month after the stain has been applied. Other factors that affect the outcome include:

  • Cement properties and amount
  • Admixtures used
  • Type of aggregate used
  • Concrete finishing methods
  • Concrete age and moisture content when stain is applied
  • Weather conditions when stain is applied
  • Efflorescence


In general, cements that produce larger amounts of calcium hydroxide during hydration show more stain color; higher cement contents yield more intense colors.

Many homeowners today prefer light tan finishes, which make up about 60 percent of the market. Greens and browns are popular, too. A combination of stain and water, called black washes, can be used to reduce the contrast between colors.

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