System Sensors and Controls

Snow melting systems can be controlled manually or automatically. Automatic controllers use sensors to trigger the start of the heating element and to determine when its time to shut the system off; the user doesn't have to be around to activate the controls. The sensors measure the airs temperature and moisture content. When they detect the presence of moisture at near-freezing air temperatures, the system will kick on automatically and raise the concrete surface temperature to about 45 F. When the precipitation stops or the air temperature rises, the system will shut off. An override switch allows the user to control the system manually if necessary. In a heavy snowfall, when snow accumulates at a faster rate, extra heating time may be required for complete removal. Sensors can be mounted in the pavement being heated, on a nearby post, or in any spot not sheltered from the weather, such as on a garage overhang or roof. More sophisticated systems can have multiple sensors that control different zones of a pavement independently.

Some system owners, particularly businesses that don't operate round-the-clock, prefer manual controls that don't rely on sensors. These controllers generally are less expensive to install and can be turned on only when snow removal is required.

Once activated, hydronic systems usually have a slower response time than electric systems because the fluid that circulates through the tubing must first be heated. If fast response is critical, hydronic systems can be operated during the winter at a reduced idling rate to keep fluid in the pipes warm enough to react quickly to impending snowfall.

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